Dynamic Microphone Dynamic microphones capture sound using the principle of electromagnetic induction. The diaphragm moves in response to sound vibrations, and this movement causes an attached coil to move within the field of a permanent magnet. This movement generates an electrical signal within the coil, reflecting the sound vibrations. In other words, they do not require phantom power (external power supply).
Condenser microphones capture sound using the principle of capacitance. When sound moves the diaphragm, it alters the distance between the diaphragm and a backplate, changing the capacitance of the capacitor. This change is manifested as a voltage variation, which is then amplified and converted into an audio signal through amplifiers and other electronic circuits.